Listado de Competencias necesarias para la “Profesión de Desarrollo Organizacional”
(Abstract de la exposición de Eric Gaynor Butterfield en el Taller de “Desarrollo Organizacional: Implicancias Prácticas” – Junio 2002) – www.theodinstitute.org La mayor parte de los profesionales que acuden a The Organization Development Institute International, Latinamerica nos pregunta que ES lo que tienen que “saber” para poder “hacer” el trabajo de un consultor de empresa. Afortunadamente contamos con la contribución del Dr. Donald W. Cole – Presidente y Fundador de The Organization Development Institute – quien ha dedicado desde el año 1968 muchas de sus energías, recursos, conocimientos y capacidades para desarrollar la “Profesión de Desarrollo Organizacional”. Así como las intervenciones que realizan los profesionales en otras disciplinas, como por ejemplo los médicos, requieren de un cuerpo de conocimientos y su efectiva práctica adquirida a través de una primer residencia o concurrencia, las intervenciones de los consultores debieran seguir un proceso parecido. En los años 60 y 70 las personas que daban sus primeros pasos en los procesos de cambio organizacional eran acompañados por un proceso de coaching o mentoring. Las empresas líderes resguardaban a sus principales directivos y ejecutivos hasta su retiro asignándoles posiciones de staff o de servicio donde prestaban servicios internos de coaching y mentoring a los “nuevos jóvenes de alto potencial”. Y no existían programas formales de Desarrollo Organizacional en las grandes Universidades. Hoy en día sucede casi exactamente lo contrario. Existen programas formales con Diplomados en Desarrollo Organizacional pero estos profesionales se encuentran con que deben funcionar bajo la opción de “o nada o se ahoga” a que hace mención Edgar Schein. Este contraste – y las eventuales consecuencias negativas tanto para los propios consultores como para los Clientes – es observado con detenimiento por The Organization Development Institute Internacional, Latinamerica. Y también lo es por The Organization Development Institute. En su publicación “Organizations and Change”, del mes de Agosto del 2004, bajo el título de “Developing an OD Practice”, el Dr. Terry Armstrong (RODC) destaca que es común que las personas que se gradúan en Programas de Desarrollo Organizacional le pregunten con frecuencia “Que es lo que tienen que hacer para iniciarse como un OD Practitioner”. Y una de las conclusiones a que arriba Terry Armstrong es que el proceso de educación formal puede ser necesario pero no es suficiente. Un descubrimiento importante y totalmente revelador de Armstrong sugiere que si uno quiere ser un consultor efectivo y eficiente el foco debe ser puesto en uno mismo. Por lo general los consultores tendemos a ver que el problema o parte del problema es el Cliente y esto es particularmente cierto para aquellos consultores que pregonan una particular “Best Practice” en especial (ver artículo de Eric Gaynor Butterfield :”Integrando Best Theories con Best Practices” en la página web de The O. D. Institute International, Latinamerica; www.theodinstitute.org).
Por mas de 30 años el Dr. Donald Cole se ha esforzado en el ejercicio de la “Profesión de Desarrollo Organizacional”, lo que lleva implícito las Competencias necesarias para ello. A continuación se incluye una herramienta de auto-apreciación que puede ser usada por los consultores y también adoptada por los directivos y ejecutivos que reclutan los servicios profesionales de consultoría. Los autores de este significativo aporte son Chris Worley, Hill Rothwell & Roland Sullivan.
---.--- Esta es una contribución de The Organization Development Institute, por iniciativa de su Presidente el Dr. Donald Cole. A Self-Assessment Tool for OD Competencies (21st Version) Supported by Don Cole and created for the Organization Development Institute By Christopher Worley, William J. Rothwell and Roland Sullivan
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- Eric Gaynor Butterfield – RODP. Ver también la página web de The Organization Development Institute International : www.theodinstitute.org Directions: Use this assessment instrument to identify the competencies that you wish to focus on to be more effective as a change consultant. For each competency or work activity area listed in the left column below, circle an appropriate response code in the right column to indicate how much need for professional development you feel you need in this area. Use the following scale for the right column: 1 = No need; 2 = Some need; 3 = Need; 4 = Much need; 5 = Very great need. When you finish the rating, you might use as a discussion tool with your immediate supervisor or other relevant stakeholders to identify areas for your professional development and as a foundation for establishing a professional developmental plan.
Competency
How Much Need for Professional Development?
No Need.............. Very Great Need
1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Self Mastery
An effective OD practitioner can... 1. Be aware of how one’s biases influence 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
interaction 2. Consult driven by their personal values 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 3. Clarify personal boundaries 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 4. Manage personal biases 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 5. Manage personal defensiveness 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 6. Recognize when personal feelings have been 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
aroused 7. Remain physically healthy while under stress 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 8. Resolve ethical issues with integrity 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 9. Avoid getting personal needs met at the 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
expense of the client 10. Solicit feedback from others about your 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
impact on them Competency Category: Ability to Measure Positive Change
An effective OD practitioner can...
11. Choose appropriate evaluation methods 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 12. Determine level of evaluation 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 13. Ensure evaluation method is valid 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 14. Ensure evaluation method is reliable 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 15. Ensure evaluation method is practical 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Clarify data needs
An effective OD practitioner can... 16. Determine an appropriate data collection 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
process 17. Determine the types of data needed 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 18. Determine the amount of data needed 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Facilitating transition and
adoption
An effective OD practitioner can... 19. Help manage impact to related systems 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 20. Use information to create positive change 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 21. Transfer change competencies to internal 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
consultant or client so learning is continuous 22. Manage/increase change momentum 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 23. Mobilize additional internal resources 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
to support the ongoing change process 24. Determine the parts of the organization 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
that warrant a special focus of attention 25. Ensure that learning will continue 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Integrate theory and
practice
An effective OD practitioner can... 26. Present the theoretical foundations of change 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 27. Articulate an initial change process to use 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 28. Integrate research with theory and practice 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 29. Communicate implications of systems theory 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
30. Utilize a solid conceptual framework based on 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
research Competency Category: Stay current in technology
An effective OD practitioner can... 31. Use the latest technology effectively 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 32. Use the internet effectively 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Ability to work with
large systems
An effective OD practitioner can... 33. Facilitate large group (70-2,000 people) 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
interventions 34. Apply the competencies of international 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
OD effectively 35. Function effectively as internal 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
consultant 36. Demonstrate ability to conduct 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
transorganizational development 37. Demonstrate ability to conduct community 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
change and development 38. Utilize a change model to guide whole 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
system change or transformation Competency Category: Participatively create
a good implementation plan
An effective OD practitioner can... 39. Co-create an implementation plan that 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
is (1) concrete; (2) simple; (3) clear;
(4) measurable; (5) rewarded; and (6)
consisting of logically sequenced
activities Competency Category: Understand
research methods
An effective OD practitioner can... 40. Utilize appropriate mix of methods to 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
ensure (1) efficiency; and (2)
objectivity; and (3) validity 41. Utilize appropriate mix of data collection 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
technology 42. Use statistical methods when appropriate 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Manage diversity
An effective OD practitioner can... 43. Facilitate a participative decision-making 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
process 44. Be aware of the influences of cultural 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
dynamics on interactions with others 45. Interpret cross-cultural influences in a 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
helpful manner 46. Handle diversity and diverse situations 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
skillfully Competency Category: Clarify roles
An effective OD practitioner can... 47. Clarify the role of consultant 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 48. Clarify the role of client 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Address power
An effective OD practitioner can... 49. Identify and engage formal power 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 50. Identify and engage informal power 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 51. Deal effectively with resistance 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Keep an open mind
An effective OD practitioner can... 52. Suspend judgment while gathering 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
data 53. Suppress hurtful comments during 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
data gathering Competency Category: Helping clients own
the change process
An effective OD practitioner can... 54. Reduce dependency upon 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
consultant 55. Instill responsibility for 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
follow through 56. Collaboratively design the 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
change process 57. Involve participants so they begin 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
to own the process
Competency Category: Be comfortable with
ambiguity
An effective OD practitioner can...
58. Perform effectively in an atmosphere 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
of ambiguity
59. Perform effectively in the midst of 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
chaos
Competency Category: Manage the
separation
An effective OD practitioner can... 60. Be sure customers and stakeholders 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
are satisfied with the intervention’s
results 61. Leave the client satisfied 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 62. Plan for post-consultation contact 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 63. Recognize when separation is 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
desirable Competency Category: Seeing the whole
picture
An effective OD practitioner can... 64. Can attend to the whole, parts 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
and even the greater whole 65. Quickly grasp the nature of the system 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 66. Identify the boundary of systems to 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
be changed 67. Identify critical success factors for the 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
intervention 68. Further clarify real issues 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 69. Link change effort into ongoing processes 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
of the enterprise 70. Begin to lay out an evaluation model in 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
the initial phases 71. Know how data from different parts of 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
the system impact each other 72. Be aware of systems wanting to change 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
Competency Category: Set the conditions for
positive change
An effective OD practitioner can...
73. Clarify boundaries for confidentiality 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 74. Select a process that will facilitate 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
openness 75. Create a non-threatening environment 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 76. Develop mutually trusting relationships 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
with others 77. Use information to reinforce positive change 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 Competency Category: Focus on relevance and
flexibility
An effective OD practitioner can... 78. Distill recommendations from the data 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 79. Pay attention to the timing of activities 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 80. Recognize what data are relevant 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 81. Stay focused on the purpose of the 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
consultancy 82. Continuously assess the issues as they 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
surface Competency Category: Use data to adjust for
change
An effective OD practitioner can... 83. Use information to create positive change 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 84. Use intelligent information to take next 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
steps 85. Establish method to monitor change 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
after the intervention 86. Use information to reinforce positive 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
change 87. Gather data to identify initial first steps 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
of transition Competency Category: Be available to multiple
stakeholders
An effective OD practitioner can... 88. Collaborate with internal/external OD 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
professionals 89. Listen to others 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 90. Interpersonally relate to others 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 91. Use humor effectively 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 92. Pay attention to the spontaneous and 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
informal Competency Category: Build realistic
relationships
An effective OD practitioner can... 93. Build realistic relationships 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 94. Explicate ethical boundaries 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 95. Build trusting relationships 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 96. Relate credibly, demonstrating 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
business acumen and conversancy Competency Category: Interventions
An effective OD practitioner can... 97. Convey confidence in one’s 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
intervention philosophy 98. Facilitate group processes 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 99. Intervene into the system at the 1.....2.....3.....4.....5
right depth 100. Creatively customize tools and 1.....2.....3.....4.....5 | 
